The article deals with the expansion of the concept of the completeness of a logical system. It is assumed that the generally accepted practice of correlating the concept of completeness primarily with the logic of the first order is due to purely historical circumstances. It is shown that when using first-order logic as a means of mathematical theorizing, the completeness of the logical system does not reflect the important features of the application of logic to mathematics. It is demonstrated that the distinction between deductive, semantic and descriptive completeness leads to a new understanding of the role and nature of logic.

The paper analyzes the current state of the constructivist and structuralist trends in the philosophy of mathematics. The interrelation of these trends is substantiated by means of the concepts of isomorphism, invariant, and structure within the framework of the type-theoretical approach to the foundations of mathematics. In particular, the paper discusses the axiom of univalence and the modern type-theoretical concept of identity.

The article examines basic features of type-theoretical semantics (Ranta, Martin-Löf) and proposes a formalization of Quine’s sentence on Ralph from his article «Quantifiers and propositional attitudes» in terms of this semantics. The formalization, it appears, allows us to avoid the problems of quantification in belief contexts pointed out by Quine.

The article deals with some topical aspects of the philosophy of management. The author believes the philosophy of management to be a new branch of philosophical knowledge, the emergence of which is primarily caused by the role and importance of management both in the life of the modern society and the individual. The philosophy of management is meant to serve as a common conceptual and interdisciplinary basis, providing a holistic perception and understanding of the phenomenon of management. Uncertainty is part of all serious tasks related to human activity, and it is true both for economic, political, ecological decisions and for the life of an individual. It is equally important that uncertainty is not only a factor, but also an indispensable attribute of most managerial decisions. Modern management is, first of all, management in the conditions of uncertainty and risk. The author presents his methodological position, which takes risk to be always related to the subject and the decisions he takes. The choice of an alternative in a risk environment is based on a certain model of rational activity, but the real decisions that people make do not always correspond to this model. Nevertheless, it is shown that rationality and risk are not antipodes, and decision-making in a risk environment is, first of all, a conscious and rational choice. The paper shows the methodological significance of normative decision-making models, which serve as reference points and a methodological basis for actions of a person facing a difficult choice problem.

The authors discuss the content and interrelations between the normative categories of «public» and «political», as well as specific features of public justification. The paper also analyzes the resources of various kinds of public discourse which uses the concepts of power and justice. The political is treated as a procedure of interaction between the private and the public resulting in providing opportunities for individuals to occupy certain institutional political positions. The article shows the resources of public justification for solving value and normative conflicts, as well as similarities and differences between public and scientific justification.

The article discusses the problem of mind control (brainwashing) and its detection. The mind control theory and R. Lifton`s and M. Singer`s models of mind control are critically reviewed, the limitations of these models are analyzed, and the question of scientific relevance of the reviewed mind control theory is raised.

The authors consider the influence of the development of high technologies on the transformation of society and in particular on the change in the value and quality of research. Within the conception of industrial civilization, high technology is a social and cultural phenomenon, influencing the social being and social consciousness of people. The analysis of the sociocultural consequences of the development of high technologies and the corresponding changes in the socially important areas allows to outline the contours of the future society and suggest the emerging potential of the human existence in the conditions of a postindustrial society.

The article substantiates the thesis that the traditional image of the scientist in the conditions of modern transformations of the social institute of science has become much more complicated. This also includes the process of professional self-identification. For an empirical basis of the analysis the author uses the results of a sociological survey of graduate students of academic institutes, as well as the Novosibirsk State University. It is concluded that depending on the choice of criteria for a successful career, future scientists can be classified into several types: «traditional scientist», «scientist of a new formation», «businessman from science».

The article highlights and critically evaluates the existing models of describing civilization in terms of its internal ethnic diversity. It is concluded that these models are not capable of removing the theoretical problem of the unity of civilization. The idea of considering civilization as an interethnic community that acts as a product of cooperative and conflict interactions of ethno-social entities is justified as a variant of solving this problem. It is shown that the state and nature of these interactions largely determine the development trends of civilizations - the largest sociocultural units of the world-historical process.

The formation of the world economic system, a fairly stable global division of labor and intercountry differentiation in terms of wealth has become a fact and attribute of modernity. The diversity of economic, cultural and socio-political development options has not been without contradictions, simultaneous co-existence of opposing trends. One of the most notable manifestations of this process was the simultaneous dissemination of the ideologies of globalization and localization. These and other significant changes in the qualitative characteristics of modern societies led to an appeal to theoretical developments of ethnic, national and religious themes. This article focuses on the interpretation of categories of race, nation, and ethnic group, proposed by I. Wallerstein.

The article presents an interdisciplinary analysis of moral panics as a phenomenon of the modern information society (from the standpoint of cultural, psychological, conflictological and sociological approaches). It is concluded, that by making a significant contribution to the development of general knowledge about moral panics, these approaches reflect, to a greater extent, the motives of moral panics. At the same time, within the framework of these conceptions, there is no analysis of the result of the systemic influence of moral panics on the society and its institutions. In the context of the information society, the study of moral panics as a social process will help uncover mechanisms for transforming the social structure, thereby forming an idea of moral panics as a factor of social changes.

The concept of «other-ethnocultural neotraditionalism», which implies the reproduction of ethno-cultural traditions and behavioral practices in a different cultural and geographical space is introduced. An analysis of the features of this process, using the case of migrants, led to the conclusion that the stereotypes and misconceptions of the host community regarding migrants, including those based on the rejection by this community of other-ethno-cultural neotraditionalism of migrants, hinder their successful sociocultural adaptation to the new environment, and stimulate the process of enclavement. The heuristic potential of the concept of other-ethno-cultural neotraditionalism lies in the possibility of fixing various strategies for sociocultural adaptation of migrants to a new environment, based on the actualization and reproduction of ethnic identity on non-traditional grounds.

The article proposes a methodology for ethnic inequality research. Two groups of institutional mechanisms for the reproduction of inequality are singled out: formal (status ones) and informal (economic ones). On the basis of the analysis of social and cultural transformation of the first post-Soviet cycle, the assumption is made that Russian society at the present stage is entering the phase of a new interethnic fragmentation. The leading role of the status differences of languages of peoples of Russia and the regional disproportions of economic development in the reproduction of ethnic inequality is substantiated.

The paper is an attempt to clarify the conditions, facilitating the formation of social capital. These conditions constitute the «infrastructure», favoring the creation of a peculiar sociocultural space, in which the accumulation of social capital takes place. Among them are collective moral norms, generalized trust, attitude of the reciprocal nature of the interaction, spontaneous sociability, developed civil society institutions, informal levers of market regulation, «flexibility» of the social structure and the ability of society to generate social capital at different levels.

The paper considers one of the components of Plato’s universe - the name in its relations with letters and syllables, and among other parts of speech. It is suggested that there is a hierarchy of entities, and accordingly, an attempt is made to elucidate the place of the name in the above-mentioned mentioned relations. It is revealed that the hierarchical relations of a name and other words (parts of speech) are presented in an ambivalent and contradictory manner. Firstly , as entities of the «world of appearances» they are located at the same level, secondly, the name can be understood as a hierarchically higher generalized level of ideas of a thing than just the words denoting a number of the features of a thing. Letters and syllables represent the elements of hierarchically organized matter for the embodiment of the idea of a name.

A distinction is made between Pyrrho and neo-pyrrhonists on their attitude towards practical activity. In Pirron, the desire for an indifferent attitude toward life was combined with separate manifestations of preference and avoidance. Neo-pyrrhonists separated dogmatic questions from everyday concerns. In relation to dogmatic questions, skeptics took the position of abstaining from judgment. In relation to everyday matters, they took the position of following customs and laws. It is established that skeptics in the political sphere were supporters of conservatism and political conformism. At the same time, in the conditions of political crisis, the skeptic can make decisions based on his own observations.

The attention is focused on the presence in V part of the Spinoza’s «Ethics» of what, at first sight, seems to be mutually exclusive statements. On the one hand, it is a statement on the temporal and infinite continuation of the existence of the reasonable component of the human soul after the death of the body and, on the other, on its death together with the body. This mysterious situation is clarified through its correlation with the XXIII chapter of Spinoza's earliest work. There he argues that the mortality of the whole soul of a person is unquestionable, if one has in mind the situation of its connection only with his body. And, taking into account the place of any human individual in the picture of the universe as a whole, the rational component of the human soul is estimated by Spinoza to be an ineradicable and, in this sense, eternal, death-defying condition for the existence of an infinite time sequence of successive human generations.

In the framework of phenomenology as a specific eidetic discipline, the problem of the correlation of theoretical and practical aspects requires its solution. The paper focuses on the validity of interpretation of intentionality as a practical intentionality, proposed by Nam-In Lee. Practical intentionality, according to Nam-In Lee, consists only of willing intentions, which can only be realized through practice. I try to subject this interpretation of intentionality to doubt, indicating that intentionality as a cardinal property of consciousness is: 1) a moderator of rational and irrational (sense data); 2) a pre-subjective homogeneous source of all kinds of intentions (both willing and theoretical).

The article refutes the widely held view that R. Rorty's philosophy is close to postmodernism. It is shown that in the confrontation between analytical and continental philosophy, Rorty held moderate positions towards the end of his life, criticizing both sides for intolerance. It is argued that Rorty explained the differences in the philosophizing style of both branches by several factors, including the stance of Scientism versus Romanticism and Personal Versus Public. In addition, Rorty's rejection of the political attitudes of postmodern philosophers played a significant role in shaping his later views.

In early December of 2017 the Novosibirsk Academgorodok became the seat of XV Interregional Conference of young Siberian scientists in the field of humanities and social sciences. The name of the conference was «Topical problems of humanities and social research». The organizers of the event were NSU and IPL SB RAS. Over 50 young researchers took part in the conference, with the total number of participants exceeding one hundred.