The systemic scheme of the “black box” is a starting point to elaborate an explanatory approach to the main characteristics of anthropogenesis. Next steps are the stages of sapientization and the functionalist concept of care / structure which allows describe and explain the processes of biological and social (cultural) evolution in a unified manner. The most important processes of anthropogenesis associated with social interactions and communication have left no direct traces. That is why their analysis and explanation require special logic and methodology. An extended approach to the scientific explanation by K. Hempel is a special cognitive tool to overcome this difficulty. The models of gene-cultural co-evolution and cultural drive help to reveal the nature of the internal driving mechanisms (drivers) of anthropogenesis.

The United States is traditionally perceived as a country dominated by liberal individualism. However, recently there has been a rise in the ideology of new equality. It presupposes the interpretation of the ideal of equality as equality of results, and in the collectivist dimension, i.e. as equality between some significant social groups, which is achieved through positive discrimination. This ideology received its philosophical justification in the left-liberal versions of the theory of justice - liberal egalitarianism and communitarianism. According to communitarians, the State cannot be neutral about differences between racial and gender groups. To this is added the concept of historical justice - the collective responsibility of representatives of “oppressive” communities in relation to the “oppressed”.

The article examines the content of ethical concepts in the framework of the philosophical understanding of complexity, presented in the works of such foreign researchers as P. Cilliers, and M. Woermann. The article analyzes the set of views on the ontology of the personal ethical consciousness and ethical action, which underlies the concept of a provisional imperative developed by representatives of the Stellenbosch school of philosophy of complexity. The authors identify the basic theoretical principles of the ethics of complexity and conclude about the content specificity of this direction of modern ethical thought.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the sociocultural phenomenon of ‘post-truth’ in the modern communication space and the model of mass communication that is formed on this basis. Empirical manifestations, philosophical foundations and social determinants of the phenomenon are investigated; an attempt is made to elucidate the sociocultural essence of post-truth in conjunction with the phenomena of ‘post-democracy’ and ‘post-journalism’, a forecast of the effects of the subjects of communication following the attitudes of postmodern philosophy is given. The authors pay special attention to the comparison of the positions of theorists of mass communication, showing the ambivalence of the analyzed phenomena and the ambiguity in the assessments of the phenomena and situations under consideration.

Geopolitics defines new trends in world development. First of all, it has affected such concepts as “traditional” and “modern”, “local” and “global”. There is a break in the existing system of stable sociocultural ties and relations that support and ensure the reproduction of social and human capital. A new geocultural paradigm of explaining the development of the world is being formed, based on modern practices influenced by internal and external factors. The vectors of the dynamics of sociocultural processes are determined: the preservation of trends in the traditional development of communities and the restructuring of self-identity under the influence of globalization.

Jocelyn Benoist, a famous French philosopher, tells about the principal directions if his investigations, the reasons why he rejects phenomenology, his realist position and its relation with Wittgenstein’s later philosophy, about the problems and pseudo-problems of contemporary philosophy, in particular, analytic epistemology, scientific realism, philosophical interpretations of quantum mechanics. The correspondence theory of truth, anti-realism, idealism, relativism and «new realism» of the 21th century are also critically assessed. Contextual realism takes into account the categorial distinction between the ideal and the real. This is not a doctrine, but a critical, therapeutic approach. At the same time, rejecting the traditional metaphysics, it is not deprived of the genuine metaphysical dimension. We can know the things themselves.

In the context of the digitalization of society, the possibilities for interdisciplinary interaction and exchange of experience between representatives of various scientific fields and schools are significantly expanding. Years of experience in conducting youth scientific events shows that scientific seminars and conferences for young researchers make it possible to determine the most relevant directions for the development of scientific research from the point of view of young scientists, indicating areas for further scientific research and influencing the formation of scientific and educational potential.