The paper deals with the problems of philosophy of management in the modem world of uncertainty and risk. The author believes that acquaintance with the basics of management increases the competitiveness of graduates of philosophical faculties in the labor market. The paper focuses on the existence of objective uncertainty and the methodological significance of this factor. The ability to quantify the probability of the realization of possible events makes it possible to conceptually distinguish between situations of risk and situations of uncertainty. Risk is a consequence of the decision, and its assessment is subjective. Risk and uncertainty are the most important factors of modern management, while rationality and risk are not antipodes, and decision-making under risk conditions involves a conscious and rational choice. We emphasize that in modern social science there is a transformation of scientific rationality, and core to the conclusion that today the foundations for a rational approach to decision-making are risk assessment and risk management.

The article is devoted to substantiating the position that modern management is necessarily associated with value ideas that have a contextual, spatio-temporal nature. Ethics as a system of moral principles creates the cultural basis on which management is built. It is shown that the antinomy of normative and applied ethics is relevant for the conceptualization of the ethical basis of the managerial process: the possible contemporary forms of normative and applied ethics applicable to modern problematic managerial situations are described. Also, using the example of integration as a function of management and goal setting (the ratio of goals and means), the ethical potential for rationalizing management activities is revealed.

The article deals with the problem of the transformation of socio-cultural development of Russia in the context of globalization changes in the world development. The search for the possibility of combining the universalization and localization of the transformation processes of geocultural space, actualizing the problems of intercultural interaction, influencing the content and forms of transformation. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the most significant approaches to the problem of understanding geoculture, local conditions of transformation of socio-cultural space. From a methodological point of view, the use of the civilizational approach makes it possible to identify the specifics of the socio-cultural development of local communities, to trace the interrelationships, the relationship of general civilizational universals and local identity. The use of the geocultural paradigm of explaining and understanding the state of the world socio-cultural development contributes to solving the problem of the correlation of locality and globality, achieving a balance of trust and cooperation in international relations based on a respectful dialogue. As a basic conclusion, we note that two trends are being formed, two multidirectional vectors of movement in the development of the geocultural situation are being established. On the one hand, there is a process of forming models of socio-cultural behavior depending on the resources and technologies available to the community, expressed in an attempt to preserve the traditional way of life. On the other hand, in their development, local communities are subject to the general laws of transformation in the context of global and regional restructuring. These models of socio-cultural behavior unite communities in a specific socio-territorial location.

Transmission of social heritage has a problem of correlation between tradition and rationality. The content of the tradition is explained as the objectification of "collective memory", subjective in nature. This model of social relations and cultural communication links the objective reality and the subject of socialization. Ontological and cognitive warps in the structure of collective experience affect the results of intellectual activity in modern society. It is concluded that tradition, not identical to traditionalism and conservatism, transforming the facts of the past into values of modernity, regulates social practice and marks mentally conditioned stereotypes of social behavior of the individual.

The article suggests that the origins of some of Leontiev’s philosophical ideas should be sought in the philosophy of A. Schopenhauer. It reveals the origin of Leontiev’s “despotic idea” and, at the same time, the meaning of the term despotism, the mention of which in Leontiev’s texts used to confuse his contemporaries. The article clarifies the place of despotic idea in Leontiev’s conceptual system, its role in his theory of organic development, in his doctrine of cultural distinctness and in the philosopher’s description of his social and political ideal. An original development of Schopenhauer’s ideas in Nietzsche’s philosophy is demonstrated. The loss of the metaphysical foundation leads to the fact that it is not the idea that becomes despotic, but the personality, whose highest embodiment the philosopher called the overman.

The intensive virtualization of the scientific and educational space, which is taking place under the influence of globalization transformations, seriously limits the real interaction of potential participants in scientific projects and events, especially at the international level, but significantly expands the geography.

At the same time, the role of youth scientific communities is growing, which, dynamically adapting to the digital transformations of the environment, are able to form new traditions that have a serious impact on the vector of promising scientific research.

The famous French physicist Thomas Schiickeг, the author of numeгous articles and books on theoгeti­ cal and mathematical physics, talks about his reseaгch work in such агеаs of theoretical and mathemati­ cal physics as grand unification theoгies, gravitational anomalies, application of noncommutative geom­ etгy to the Standard Model of paгticle physics and beyond, cosmology. The state of modern physics and, in paгticulaг, the fundamental discoveгies made in high-energy physics and cosmology over the past decades, as well as the relationship between physics and philosophy and а numbeг of related philosophi­ cal proЬlems аге discussed. In paгticular, we are talking about the Standard Model of elementaгy paгticle physics and the Standard cosmological model, about dark eneгgy and daгk matter, about such funda­ mental physical theoгies as stгing theoгy, noncommutative geometгy, loop quantum gгavity and others. Promising directions in the development of physics, according to Т. Schiicker, include the furtheг study of gгavitational waves and quantum entanglement. As for the philosophy of physics, the following are discussed: гealism and anti-realism, the concepts of scientific theoгy and truth, the nature of quantum reality, inteгpгetations of quantum mechanics, and the role of the aesthetic cгiterion of beauty in phys­ ics. Pгofessoг Т. Schiickeг does not think that modern physics is in crisis. In fact, оvег the past decades, significant theoгetical and expeгimental pгogгess has been made in physics, а number of fundamental pгedictions and discoveгies, and, in particular, the discoveгy of the acceleгated expansion of the universe, the Higgs boson, gravitational waves, and many others. As noted in the interview, many modern researchers work simultaneously in the field of theoretical physics and in the field of philosophy of physics, they believe that physics and philosophy need each other.

The publication presents a review of the monograph by Alekseyev Alexander Petrovich and Alekseeva Irina Yurievna “The Fate of intelligence and the mission of reason: philosophy facing the challenges of the era of digitalization”. The authors systematically and deeply analyze the theoretical and cognitive, socio-philosophical, philosophical and anthropological problems that arise during the dynamic digitalization of all spheres of society. The author's representation of society as an intellectual system of a high degree of complexity makes it possible to comprehend the concepts of reason and intelligence in connection with the development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems. Of particular interest is the disclosure by the authors of the potential of philosophical tools in countering manipulative technologies in the digital environment. The monograph is recommended to readers interested in achieving an understanding of the essence of digitalization processes, philosophical foundations and prospects for the development of technical intelligent systems.