The History of Institutionalization of Vaccination Practices in Western Europe (18th – 19th Centuries)
https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-52-70
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Abstract
The article is devoted to the historical development of the vaccination practices institutionalization in the context of smallpox epidemics in Europe. Historical analysis allows identify three stages of institutionalization. The first lasted from the emergence of variolation as a social innovation until 1800 when it was replaced by vaccination. The second stage – when political and legislative legitimization of vaccination was accomplished. And the third one – when economic and moral-ethical persuasion methods of constructing public beliefs were developed. All of these led to reconstructing of relationships between state and society.
The relationship between the key social factors contributed to the transformation of vaccination institute from politically legitimized rules and strict sanctions for their violation to the balanced system of normative and value regulators of epidemic risks, which allowed certain European societies to perfect the system of public health protection and use the advantages in demographic and social development.
Keywords
European history,
variolation,
vaccination,
social institution,
power elites,
politics,
beliefs,
motivation
Supporting agencies: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project no. 20-011-00314 “Social order in the conditions of epidemic: socio-philosophical analysis”
About the Author
S. I. Boyarkina
The Sociological Institute of the RAS – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saniya I. Boyarkina, Senior Research Fellow, Associate professor, Candidate of Science in Sociology
St. Petersburg
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Review
For citations:
Boyarkina S.I. The History of Institutionalization of Vaccination Practices in Western Europe (18th – 19th Centuries). Siberian Journal of Philosophy. 2021;19(4):52-70. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-52-70
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