sibphilСибирский философский журналSiberian Journal of Philosophy2541-7517Новосибирский государственный университет10.25205/2541-7517-2025-23-3-33-45sibphil-756Research ArticleСОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯSOCIAL PHILOSOPHYФеномен терроризма в зарубежных социально-политических теорияхThe phenomenon of terrorism in foreign socio-political theoriesЛукьяновН. Е.LukyanovN. E.

Николай Евгеньевич Лукьянов - младший научный сотрудник

Новосибирск

Nikolay E. Lukyanov - Junior Researcher

Novosibirsk

nikolaylukyanov70@gmail.comИнститут философии и права Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2025100420262333345Copyright © Лукьянов Н.Е., 20262026Лукьянов Н.Е.Lukyanov N.E.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibphil.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/756

Долгое время исследования терроризма не строились вокруг каких-либо методологических конструкций и были в основном сосредоточены на описании отдельных террористических акций или организаций, а исследование причин перехода к террористической деятельности не получало должного внимания. В настоящее время в зарубежной научной литературе выделяют несколько подходов к изучению причин и динамики терроризма, такие как организационный, инструментальный, коммуникативный и психологический. Наиболее распространенным из них является инструментальный подход, в соответствии с которым терроризм рассматривается как преднамеренное насилие, средство достижения цели. Такой подход получил наибольшее распространение среди исследователей благодаря своей простоте, но информация о динамике, внутренней структуре организации, а также мотивах ее членов при этом практически не использовалась. В рамках инструментального подхода выделено несколько подходов к интерпретации причин терроризма, показан их эвристический потенциал в объяснении динамики деятельности террористических организаций и ограничения объяснительных моделей.

For a long time, terrorism studies were not built around any methodological constructs and were mainly based on descriptions of individual terrorist groups or organizations, while the study of the reasons for the transition to terrorist activity did not attract attention. Currently, several approaches to the study of the causes and dynamics of terrorism have been found in Western scientific literature, for example, organizational, instrumental, communicative and psychological. The most common of these is the instrumental approach, according to which terrorism is viewed as deliberate violence, a means to an end. This approach has become most widespread among researchers due to its simplicity, since the intention of the actors was formed from their behavior in accordance with logical rules, and information about the dynamics, internal structure of the organization, as well as the motives of its members is practically not used, which ultimately provides a limited context for the interpretation of factual data. Within the framework of the instrumental approach, several theories are identified to explain the causes of terrorism, their heuristic potential in explaining the dynamics of the activities of terrorist organizations and the limitations in the socio-philosophical foundations of explanatory models are shown.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.