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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibphil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский философский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Philosophy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-7517</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Новосибирский государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-3-5-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibphil-453</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ, ЭПИСТЕМОЛОГИЯ И ФИЛОСОФИЯ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYTICAL PHILOSOPHY, EPISTEMOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Общая теория относительности и причинность, рассуждения «от метафизики» и онтология Дж. Лоу</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Relativity and Causality, Reasoning from Metaphysics, and E. J. Lowe’s Ontology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-1231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Владимирович Головко, доктор философских наук, доцент; заведующий кафедрой онтологии, теории познания и методологии науки Новосибирского государственного университета; ведущий научный сотрудник Института философии и права СО РАН</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita V. Golovko, Doctor of Sciences (Philosophy), Associate Professor; Head of the Chair of Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology of Science, Novosibirsk State University; Leading Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golovko@philosophy.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный университет;&#13;
Институт философии и права Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State University;&#13;
Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Головко Н.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Головко Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golovko N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibphil.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/453">https://sibphil.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/453</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – показать значимость рассуждений «от метафизики» в ходе последовательной интерпретации тезиса «борьбы с неосхоластикой» (Дж. Лэдимен). Представление о том, что «предмет метафизики – метафизическая возможность, а наука определяет, какая из них достигается актуально» (Дж. Лоу, Дж. Кац и др.) закрепляет роль рассуждений «от метафизики» в области метафизики науки. Общая теория относительности нарушает сложившуюся интуицию, что «причинность – это предмет “локального” физического взаимодействия» (Дж. Бигелоу). Интерпретация причинности в терминах «сил» и «диспозиций» в рамках онтологии Дж. Лоу дает возможность говорить о причинности в терминах «обретения реальности» и «исчезания» соответствующих мод объектов, связанных формальным «причинным отношением». Переход к онтологии Дж. Лоу помогает не только преодолеть интуицию локальности причинности, но и по-своему раскрывает, например, такие простые, на первый взгляд, интуиции, как зависимость истинности пропозиций от времени или понимание времени как измерения. Все это в очередной раз возвращает нас к осознанию важности того, что ученый, конструируя или интерпретируя научную теорию, как правило, пользуется нетривиальными философскими допущениями, которые должны быть предметом собственно философского анализа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper aims to show the importance of reasoning “from metaphysics” in the course of a consistent interpretation of the “against neoscholasticism” thesis (J. Ladyman). The idea that “the subject of metaphysics is metaphysical possibilities, and science determines which of them are actually achieved” (E. J. Lowe, J. Katz, etc.) reinforces the role of reasoning “from metaphysics” within the field of metaphysics of science. The general theory of relativity violates the common prevailing intuition that “causality is the subject of local physical interaction” (J. Bigelow). Interpretation of causality in terms of “forces” and “coming into” within the framework of E. J. Lowe's ontology makes it possible to talk about causality in terms of “finding” and “going out” of existence of the corresponding modes of objects connected by a formal “causal relationship”. The transition to E. J. Lowe's ontology helps not only to overcome the intuition of the locality of causality, but also reveals in its own way, for example, such seemingly simple common intuitions as the dependence of the truth of propositions on time or the understanding of time as a dimension. All this once again brings us back to the understanding of the importance of the fact that a scientist, constructing or interpreting a scientific theory, as a rule, uses non-trivial philosophical assumptions that should be the subject of its own philosophical analysis.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>причинность</kwd><kwd>натурализованная метафизика</kwd><kwd>метафизическая возможность</kwd><kwd>онтология сил</kwd><kwd>претерпевание</kwd><kwd>сосуществование</kwd><kwd>время</kwd><kwd>устанавливающий истину</kwd><kwd>Дж. Лоу</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Causality</kwd><kwd>naturalized metaphysics</kwd><kwd>metaphysical possibility</kwd><kwd>power ontology</kwd><kwd>persistence</kwd><kwd>co-existence</kwd><kwd>time</kwd><kwd>truthmaker</kwd><kwd>E. J. Lowe</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19- 011-00120 «Метафизические основания научной онтологии: реальные паттерны и проект метаметафизики»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by RFBR according to research project no. 19-011-00120 “Metaphysical Foundations for Natural Science Ontology: Real Patterns and Metametaphysics Project”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Амбарцумян В. А., Казютинский В. В. Революция в современной астрономии // Природа. 1970. № 4. С. 16–26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ambartsumyan V. A., Kazutinskii V. V. Revolution in Contemporary Astronomy [Revolutsiya v sovremennoi astronomii]. Priroda, 1970, no. 8, pp. 16–26. 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